Genetic Engineering is a modification in the program of the genes in order to grow organisms. The genetic engineering is the way to choose between the traits of the organism, and choose the desired traits to introduce them in the targeted plant or animal.
In the year 1952, Alferd Hershey ( 1908-1997), the American bacteriologist and geneticist, Hershey has approved the roles of DNA in heredity.
In the year 1953, James Watson born in the year 1928, the American geneticist and biologist and Francis Crick (1916-2004) the English biologist and biophysicist, they proved that the DNA molecule has a double-helix structure.
In the year 1972, Paul Berg born in the year 1926, the American biochemist was able to reach the recombinant DNA by combining a DNA from a monkey virus with lambda virus.
In the year 1973, Herbert Boyer born in 1936, the American biologist and chemist and Stanley Cohen born in 1922, the American biochemist and physicist, were able to reach the first transgenic organism using antibiotic resistance genes inserted in a plasma E. Coli.
In the year 1974, Rudolf Jaenisch born in the year 1942, the American biologist reached for the making of a transgenic mouse by injecting foreign DNA into the mouse embryo.
In the year 1976 Genentech, the first genetic engineering company, announced about the produce of a human protein in E.coli and in the year 1978 they announced about the produce of the first genetically engineered human insulin.
In the year 1986, the first engineered tobacco plant appeared in France and the United States.
In the year 1992 the first genetic engineered tomatoes were commercialized by the Chinese.
In the year 2010, the J. Craig Venter Institute, reached for the first synthetic bacterial genome, and by adding it to a cell containing no DNA, they reached for a kind of bacterium, which they called Synthia, it was the first synthetic life form.